IMYENDO MU ICAPA RY'IMYENDA

Incamake

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Businesswire – ikigo cya Berkshire Hathaway – buvuga ko isoko ry’imyenda ku isi rizagera kuri metero kare miliyari 28.2 mu 2026, mu gihe amakuru yo mu 2020 yari miliyari 22 gusa, bivuze ko hakiri umwanya wo kwiyongera nibura 27% mu myaka ikurikira.
Iterambere ry'isoko ry'imyenda riterwa ahanini n'amafaranga yinjira mu bikoresho byo gukoresha, bityo abaguzi cyane cyane mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere barimo kubona ubushobozi bwo kugura imyenda igezweho ifite imiterere myiza n'imyambarire y'abashushanya. Igihe cyose icyifuzo cy'imyenda gikomeje kwiyongera kandi ibisabwa bikarushaho kwiyongera, inganda z'imyenda zizakomeza gutera imbere, bigatuma habaho ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa imyenda rirushaho kwiyongera. Ubu isoko ry'imyenda rigizwe ahanini n'imashini zicapa kuri ecran, imashini zicapa kuri sublimation, imashini zicapa kuri DTG, na DTF.

Gucapa amashusho

Gucapa ku mashusho, bizwi kandi nka silkscreen printing, birashoboka ko ari rimwe mu mashusho ya kera cyane akoreshwa mu gucapa imyenda. Gucapa ku mashusho byagaragaye mu Bushinwa kandi byaje kwinjizwa cyane mu Burayi mu kinyejana cya 18.
Kugira ngo urangize igikorwa cyo gucapa ecran, ugomba gukora ecran ikozwe muri polyester cyangwa nayiloni mesh kandi irambitse cyane ku gitereko. Hanyuma, squeegee yimurirwa kuri ecran kugira ngo yuzuze mesh ifunguye (usibye ibice bidashobora kwinjira muri wino) wino, maze ecran igakora kuri substrate ako kanya. Muri iki gihe, ushobora gusanga ushobora gucapa ibara rimwe gusa icyarimwe. Hanyuma uzakenera ecran nyinshi niba ushaka gukora igishushanyo cy'amabara.

Ibyiza

Itunzwe n'abantu benshi cyangwa banini
Kubera ko ikiguzi cyo gukora ecran kidahinduka, uko bacapa ibice byinshi, niko ikiguzi cya buri gikoresho kiba gito.
Ingaruka nziza cyane zo gucapa
Gucapa ecran bifite ubushobozi bwo gukora irangi ritangaje rifite amabara meza.
Amahitamo menshi yo gucapa yoroshye
Gucapa ecran biguha amahitamo menshi kuko bishobora gukoreshwa mu gucapa ahantu hafi ya hose harambuye nko mu kirahure, mu byuma, muri pulasitiki, n'ibindi.

Ibibi

Ntibyumvikana ku mabwiriza mato
Gucapa ecran bisaba imyiteguro myinshi kurusha ubundi buryo bwo gucapa, ibyo bigatuma bidahenda ku bicuruzwa bito.
Ihenze ku miterere y'amabara
Ukeneye ecran nyinshi niba ugomba gucapa amabara menshi, ibyo bigatuma igikorwa gitwara igihe kinini.
Ntabwo birengera ibidukikije
Gucapa ecran bitakaza amazi menshi mu kuvanga wino no gusukura ecran. Iyi ngorane izarushaho kwiyongera iyo ufite amadosiye menshi.
Icapiro rya Sublimation
Icapiro rya Sublimation ryakozwe na Noël de Plasse mu myaka ya 1950. Ubwo buryo bwo gucapa bwakomeje gutera imbere, impapuro za miliyari zagurishijwe ku bakoresha icapiro rya Sublimation.
Mu gucapa sublimation, amarangi ya sublimation yimurirwa kuri firime mbere y’uko umutwe w’icapiro ushyushye. Muri ubu buryo, amarangi arahinduka umwuka agashyirwa kuri firime ako kanya hanyuma agahinduka imiterere ikomeye. Hakoreshejwe imashini ikoresha ubushyuhe, igishushanyo kizimurwa kuri substrate. Imiterere icapwa hakoreshejwe sublimation icapwa imara hafi igihe kirekire ifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru kandi ifite ibara nyaryo.

Ibyiza

Umusaruro wuzuye w'amabara kandi uramba
Gucapa hakoreshejwe sublimation ni bumwe mu buryo bufasha mu gutanga amabara yuzuye ku myenda no ku buso bukomeye. Kandi igishushanyo kiraramba kandi kiramba hafi ya buri gihe.
Byoroshye Kumenya
Ni ugufata intambwe zoroshye kandi biroroshye kubyiga, bigatuma biba byiza cyane kandi bibereye abashya.

Ibibi

Hari amategeko agenga substrate
Ibintu bigomba gutwikirwa na polyester/gukorwa mu mwenda wa polyester, umweru/amabara yoroheje. Ibintu bifite ibara ryijimye ntibikwiriye.
Ibiciro biri hejuru
Inkingi za sublimation zirahenze cyane, ibyo bikaba bishobora kuzamura ibiciro.
Bitwara umwanya
Imashini zicapa za sublimation zishobora gukora buhoro buhoro, ibyo bikagabanya umuvuduko w'umusaruro wawe.

Icapiro rya DTG
Gucapa imyenda mu buryo bwa DTG, bizwi kandi nka "direct to drawing clothing", ni igitekerezo gishya mu nganda zicapa imyenda. Ubu buryo bwatangijwe ku isoko mu myaka ya 1990 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Wino y'imyenda ikoreshwa mu gucapa DTG ni imiti ishingiye ku mavuta isaba uburyo bwihariye bwo kuyitunganya. Kubera ko ishingiye ku mavuta, ikwiriye cyane gucapa ku migozi karemano nka ipamba, umugano, n'ibindi. Hakenewe uburyo bwo kuyitunganya mbere kugira ngo imigozi y'imyenda ibe imeze neza kurushaho kugira ngo icapwe. Imyenda isanzwe ishobora guhuzwa neza n'iyi wino.

Ibyiza

Bikwiriye ku ngano nto/gutumiza byihariye
Gucapa DTG bifata igihe gito cyo kuyishyiraho mu gihe ishobora gutanga imiterere yayo buri gihe. Birahendutse iyo ikora igihe gito bitewe n'uko ishoramari rito mu bikoresho rikoreshwa mbere ugereranije no gucapa ecran.
Ingaruka zo gucapa zitagereranywa
Imiterere yacapwe ni myiza kandi ifite ibisobanuro birambuye. Wino ishingiye ku mazi hamwe n'imyenda ikwiye ishobora kugira ingaruka nziza mu icapiro rya DTG.
Igihe cyihuse cyo Guhindura Ibintu
Gucapa DTG bigufasha gucapa uko ubikeneye, biroroshye kandi ushobora guhindura vuba ukoresheje utudomo duto.

Ibibi

Amategeko agenga imyenda
Icapiro rya DTG rikora neza mu gucapa ku migozi karemano. Mu yandi magambo, indi myenda nk'imyenda ya polyester ishobora kutabera ikoreshwa mu gucapa DTG. Kandi amabara yacapishijwe ku myenda y'ibara ryijimye ashobora kugaragara nk'aho adashyushye cyane.
Hakenewe ubuvuzi mbere y'igihe
Gutunganya imyenda mbere y’uko ishyirwa mu mwenda bifata igihe kandi bizagira ingaruka ku musaruro. Byongeye kandi, gutunganya imyenda mbere y’uko ishyirwa mu mwenda bishobora kuba bifite inenge. Ibizinga, kristali, cyangwa bleach bishobora kugaragara nyuma y’uko umwenda ushyizwemo ubushyuhe.
Ntibikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gutunganya ibintu byinshi
Ugereranyije n'ubundi buryo, gucapa DTG bigutwara igihe kinini cyo gucapa igice kimwe kandi birahenze cyane. Wino ishobora kuba ihenze, ibyo bikaba umutwaro ku baguzi bafite ingengo y'imari nto.

Icapiro rya DTF
Uburyo bwo gucapa bwa DTF (bukoresha uburyo butaziguye bwo gucapa amafilimi) ni bwo buryo bugezweho bwo gucapa mu buryo bwose bwashyizweho.
Ubu buryo bwo gucapa ni bushya cyane ku buryo nta mateka y’iterambere ryabwo araboneka. Nubwo gucapa kwa DTF ari ikintu gishya mu nganda z’imyenda, birimo gufata inganda cyane. Ba nyiri ubucuruzi benshi barimo gukoresha ubu buryo bushya kugira ngo bagure ubucuruzi bwabo kandi bugere ku iterambere bitewe n’uburyo bworoshye, bworoshye, kandi bufite ubwiza bwo gucapa.
Kugira ngo imashini cyangwa ibice bimwe na bimwe bikoreshwe mu gucapa DTF, ni icyuma gicapa DTF, porogaramu, ifu ikoze mu gushonga ishyushye, firime yo kohereza DTF, inki za DTF, imashini ikoresha ifu ikora mu buryo bwikora (cyangwa ifuru), ifuru, n'imashini ikoresha ubushyuhe.
Mbere yo gukoresha DTF printing, ugomba gutegura imiterere yawe no gushyiraho ibipimo bya porogaramu yo gucapa. Porogaramu ikora nk'igice cy'ingenzi cy'icapiro rya DTF kuko izagira ingaruka ku bwiza bw'icapiro binyuze mu kugenzura ibintu by'ingenzi nk'ingano y'iwino n'ingano y'iwino, amabara, n'ibindi.
Bitandukanye n'imashini yo gucapa ya DTG, imashini yo gucapa ya DTF ikoresha inki za DTF, ari zo amarangi yihariye yakozwe mu mabara ya cyan, umuhondo, magenta, n'umukara, kugira ngo icapishwe neza kuri filime. Ukeneye wino yera kugira ngo wubake ishingiro ry'igishushanyo cyawe n'andi mabara kugira ngo icapishe imiterere irambuye. Kandi filime zakozwe by'umwihariko kugira ngo zorohereze kohereza. Akenshi ziza mu buryo bw'impapuro (ku mabwiriza mato) cyangwa mu buryo bw'umuzingo (ku mabwiriza menshi).
Hanyuma ifu ikoze mu buryo bwa "hot-melt adhesive" ishyirwa ku gishushanyo hanyuma ikajugunywa. Zimwe zikoresha "automatic powder shaker" kugira ngo zongere imikorere, ariko izindi zigakoresha intoki gusa. Ifu ikora nk'igikoresho cyo gufatanya igishushanyo n'imyenda. Hanyuma, agapira karimo ifu ikoze mu buryo bwa "hot-melt adhesive" gashyirwa mu ziko kugira ngo ifu ishongeshwe kugira ngo igishushanyo kiri kuri iyo firime gishobore kwimurirwa ku myenda hakoreshejwe imashini ikoresha ubushyuhe.

Ibyiza

Biramba cyane
Imiterere yakozwe na DTF printing iramba cyane kuko idashwanyagurika, idapfa gushwanyagurika/gukoresha amazi, irakomera cyane, kandi ntiyoroshye kuyihindura cyangwa kuyihindura isura.
Amahitamo yagutse ku bikoresho by'imyenda n'amabara
Icapiro rya DTG, icapiro rya sublimation, n'icapiro rya ecran bifite ibikoresho by'imyenda, amabara y'imyenda, cyangwa ibara ry'umukara. Nubwo icapiro rya DTF rishobora guca ibi bipimo kandi rikwiriye gucapwa ku bikoresho byose by'imyenda by'ibara iryo ari ryo ryose.
Imicungire y'ibikoresho byo mu bubiko irushaho kuba myiza
Gucapa DTF bigufasha gucapa kuri firime mbere hanyuma ukabika firime gusa, bivuze ko utagomba kubanza kwimura igishushanyo ku mwenda. Filime icapishijwe ishobora kubikwa igihe kirekire kandi ishobora kwimurwa neza igihe bikenewe. Ushobora gucunga ububiko bwawe mu buryo bworoshye ukoresheje ubu buryo.
Ubushobozi Bunini bwo Kuvugurura
Hari imashini nka roll feeders na automatic powder shakers bifasha mu kunoza cyane imikorere y’ikoranabuhanga no gukora neza. Ibi byose ni amahitamo niba ingengo y’imari yawe ari nke mu ntangiriro z’ubucuruzi.

Ibibi

Igishushanyo cyacapwe kiragaragara cyane
Imiterere yimuriwe hamwe na filimi ya DTF iragaragara cyane kuko ifashe neza ku buso bw'umwenda, ushobora kumva imiterere iyo ukoreho.
Hakenewe ubundi bwoko bw'ibikoresho bikoreshwa
Filimi za DTF, inki za DTF, n'ifu ishyushye cyane byose ni ngombwa mu gucapa DTF, bivuze ko ugomba kwita cyane ku bikoresho bisigaye byo gukoresha no kugenzura ikiguzi.
Filime ntizongerwa gukoreshwa
Filime zikoreshwa rimwe gusa, ziba ntacyo zimaze nyuma yo kwimurwa. Iyo ubucuruzi bwawe buteye imbere, uko ukoresha filime nyinshi, niko urushaho gusohora imyanda myinshi.

Kuki DTF Printing?
Bikwiriye abantu ku giti cyabo cyangwa ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse
Imashini zicapa za DTF zirahendutse cyane ku bigo bishya n'ibigo bito. Kandi haracyari amahirwe yo kuzamura ubushobozi bwazo kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru binyuze mu guhuza imashini ikoresha ifu. Hamwe n'uburyo bukwiye, inzira yo gucapa ntishobora kunozwa gusa uko bishoboka kose bityo ikanoza uburyo bwo gusya ibintu byinshi.
Umufasha mu kubaka ikirango
Abagurisha benshi ku giti cyabo barimo gukoresha uburyo bwo gucapa bwa DTF nk'ahantu hakurikira ho gukura ubucuruzi bwabo kubera ko gucapa kwa DTF byoroshye kandi byoroshye kuri bo kandi ingaruka zo gucapa zirashimishije bitewe nuko hakenewe igihe gito kugira ngo urangize igikorwa cyose. Bamwe mu bagurisha banavuga uburyo bubaka ikirango cyabo cy'imyenda bakoresheje icapiro rya DTF intambwe ku yindi kuri Youtube. Mu by'ukuri, icapiro rya DTF rikwiriye cyane cyane abacuruzi bato kubaka ikirango cyabo kuko riguha amahitamo menshi kandi yoroshye hatitawe ku bikoresho by'imyenda n'amabara, amabara y'ibara, n'imicungire y'imigabane.
Ibyiza Bikomeye Ugereranyije n'Ubundi buryo bwo Gucapa
Ibyiza byo gucapa DTF ni ingenzi cyane nk'uko bigaragazwa haruguru. Nta gusukura mbere y'uko bivugururwa, gucapa byihuse, amahirwe yo kunoza imiterere y'ibikoresho, imyenda myinshi yo gucapa irahari, n'ubwiza budasanzwe bwo gucapa, izi nyungu zirahagije kugira ngo zigaragaze akamaro kayo kurusha ubundi buryo, ariko izi ni zimwe mu nyungu zose zo gucapa DTF, ibyiza byayo biracyari byinshi.
Nigute wahitamo imashini ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya DTF?
Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo guhitamo imashini ikwiye yo gucapa ya DTF, ingengo y'imari, imiterere y'ikoreshwa ryawe, ubwiza bw'imashini icapa, n'ibisabwa mu mikorere, nibindi, bigomba kwitabwaho mbere yo gufata icyemezo.
Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza
Isoko ry’imashini zicapa ku buryo busanzwe zikoresha abakozi benshi ryakomeje kwiyongera bitewe n’ubwiyongere burambye bw’abaturage, ndetse n’ubwiyongere bw’abaguzi ku myenda. Ariko, bitewe n’uko imashini zicapa ku buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga zikoreshwa kandi zigakoreshwa mu nganda, imashini zicapa ku buryo busanzwe zirimo guhangana cyane.
Iterambere mu gucapa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga riterwa n'ubushobozi bwaryo bwo gukemura ibibazo bya tekiniki bidashoboka mu gucapa bisanzwe, ndetse no gukoreshwa mu bicuruzwa bito birimo imiterere itandukanye kandi yihariye, ibi bikaba ari intege nke mu gucapa hakoreshejwe ecran gakondo.
Kuramba no gusesagura imyenda byagiye biba ikibazo gikomeye ku bibazo byo kugenzura ikiguzi mu nganda zicapa imyenda. Byongeye kandi, ibibazo by’ibidukikije nabyo ni ikintu gikomeye gihangayikishije inganda zisanzwe zicapa imyenda. Byatangajwe ko uru rwego rutanga 10% by’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Mu gihe icapiro rya elegitoroniki rituma ibigo bicapa uko bikenewe iyo bigomba kurangiza gukora ibintu bito no kugumana ubucuruzi bwabyo mu gihugu cyabyo bitabaye ngombwa ko byimura inganda zabyo mu bindi bihugu aho abakozi bahenze. Kubwibyo, bashobora kwemeza igihe cyo gukora kugira ngo bakurikize imideli, kandi bakagabanya ikiguzi cyo kohereza no gusesagura cyane mu buryo bwo gushushanya binyuze mu kubareka bagakora ibizamini byihuse kandi byihuse byo gucapa. Iyi ni nayo mpamvu umubare w’amakuru ashakishwa mu magambo ahinnye "screen printing" na "silk screen printing" kuri Google wagabanutseho 18% na 33% ukurikije umwaka (amakuru muri Gicurasi 2022). Mu gihe umubare w’amakuru ashakishwa mu "digital printing" na "DTF printing" wiyongereyeho 124% na 303% ukurikije umwaka (amakuru muri Gicurasi 2022). Ntabwo ari ugukabya kuvuga ko gucapa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ari ejo hazaza h'icapiro ry'imyenda.